Gas

Gas

The cost associated with handling and executing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain is called gas. Decentralized applications (DApps) on the Ethereum blockchain run using smart contracts that contain rules for event execution. The execution of events is done through transactions, which incur a cost to the network. These costs are calculated based on the computing power required for each action and how long each action takes. Gas costs are stated in gwei, a denomination of ether (ETH), equal to 0.000000001 ETH. Gas is built into the system to allocate resources to the network of miners that validate transactions and create new blocks. Gas also acts as an anti-spam tool. Adding fees to each transaction deters adversaries who might try to disrupt the system by sending a large number of small transactions from doing so.

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Cryptopedia: Gas